استفاده از ماتریس ریسک در مطالعات HAZID مزایای متعددی دارد.
- نخست اینکه این ابزار امکان ارزیابی سریع و قابل فهم خطرات را فراهم میکند.
- دوم اینکه به تیمهای مهندسی کمک میکند خطرات را بر اساس میزان اهمیت اولویتبندی کنند.
- سوم اینکه تصمیمگیری درباره اقدامات کنترلی و تخصیص منابع ایمنی را آسانتر میکند.
همچنین ماتریس ریسک یک زبان مشترک میان ذینفعان مختلف پروژه / واحد فرآیندی ایجاد میکند و باعث میشود نتایج تحلیل خطر به صورت شفاف تر به مدیران و تصمیمگیران منتقل شود.
ماتریس ریسک شرکت TOTAL
Severity levels
| Severity | Category | Human Injuries | Pollution | Material |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moderate | Within Site:-No effect
Outside Site:-No effect |
No impact on environment
< 1 bbl |
- Minimal equipment dam - < 10 K$?? |
| 2 | Serious | Within Site:-Severe Injury Outside site:- No effect |
Migrate pollution < 100 bbl |
-Some equipment damage
- > 10 K$ < 100K$?? |
| 3 | Major | Within Site:-One fatality
-One or mere injuries Outside Site:-Severe injuries -Possible evacuation |
Significant release with serious environmental impact < 2000 bbl |
- Major damage to process area with up to 30 days plant downtime
- > 100K$ < 1 M$?? |
| 4 | Catastrophic | Within Site:-Marty fatalities Outside Site:-One fatality -One or more injuries |
Significant release with serious long term offsite impact < 20000 bbl |
- Major destruction of Process area
- >1 M$ < 10M$ |
| 5 | Disastrous | Within Site:-Marty fatalities inside and outside the site. Outside Site:-Several fatalities |
Major and sustained pollution to the site and extensive loss of aquatic life > = 20 000 bbl |
-Total destruction of process area
- >10 M$?? |
Likelihood levels
| Likelihood | Category | Description | Occurrences/year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Remote | Never heard of in industry | > 1/10,000 |
| 2 | Extremely Unlikely | Has already occurred in the industry but corrective action has been taken | > 1/1,000 = < 1/10,000 |
| 3 | Very Unlike | Has already occurred once within the company (NPC) but corrective action has been taken | > 1/100 =< 1/1,000 |
| 4 | Unlikely | Has occurred several times within the company (NPC) (Could occur once for every 10 to 20 similar plants over 20 to 30 years of plant lifetime.) | > 1/10 =< 1/100 |
| 5 | Likely | Has occurred several times over plant lifetime | > 1/10 |
Risk Ranking
| Risk Ranking | Describtion |
|---|---|
| L | Risk Level 1: Acceptable level of risk |
| M | Risk Level 2: ALARP Region: Tolerable if accepted during HAZOP/SIL session |
| H | Risk Level 3: Risk not acceptable |
| Parameters | Describtion | |
|---|---|---|
| Safety | SA | Small release of flammable or toxic material (or minor injury) |
| SB | Large release of flammable or toxic material (or 1 fatality) | |
| SC | Large release of flammable or toxic material also a high probability of catching fire or highly toxic material (or 2-5 fatalities) | |
| SD | Rupture or explosion (or several deaths) | |
| Environment** | EA | A release with minor damage that is not very severe but is large enough to be reported to plant management) |
| EB | Release within the fence with significant damage | |
| EC | Release outside the fence with major damage which can be cleaned up quickly without significant lasting consequences | |
| ED | Release outside the fence with major damage which cannot be cleaned up quickly or with lasting consequences | |
| Asset** | AA | Less than $100,000 |
| AB | Between $0.1m and $1m | |
| AC | Between $1m and $10m | |
| AD | More than $10m | |
